What Is Frozen Shoulder? Frozen shoulder, or adhesive capsulitis, is a condition that causes restriction of motion and pain in the shoulder joint. When a patient develops a frozen shoulder the capsule surrounding the joint contracts and bands of scar tissue called adhesions are formed within the joint. The contraction of the capsule and the formation of the adhesions cause the shoulder to become stiff and movement to become painful. Who Does Frozen Shoulder Affect? Frozen Shoulder usually affects women more than men and often occurs between the ages of 40 -60 years. Patients will experience severe...

What Is Colic? Colic is the diagnosis given to infants that cry excessively for an unknown reason, and is possibly linked to digestive pains or temperament (sensitivity to environment). Who Does Colic Affect? Colic affects infants, more often bottle fed than breast fed, typically in the first month of life. What Causes Colic? A possible cause is thought to be related to abnormal gut flora (stomach and intestinal bacteria). That is a lack of normal bacteria found in the gut that helps the digestion. Abnormal digestion or breakdown of food may cause excessive gas production and abdominal pain and...

What Is Influenza? Influenza, or the flu, is a viral infection. There are many types of influenza viruses. Common symptoms may include fever, chills, sore throat, body aches, headache, and fatigue. Some forms of the flu virus infect the gastro-intestinal tract causing nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. A flu infection may worsen any chronic illness such as emphysema, asthma, or bronchitis. It has also been known to cause complications in people with coronary heart disease and congestive heart failure. Those who smoke are at an increased risk of mortality from influenza. Who Does Influenza Affect?...

What Is Whiplash Injury? The term ‘whiplash’ was first introduced by an American Orthopedist, Dr. H.E. Crowe in 1928. He described the syndrome as a spinal tissue insult-injury due to the sudden acceleration-deceleration event of the head and neck. Proper Definition of Whiplash Injury: “ Whiplash is an acceleration-deceleration mechanism of energy transfer to the neck . It may result from rear-end or side-impact motor-vehicle collisions, or other driving mishaps. The impact may result in bony or soft tissue injuries (whiplash injury), which in turn may lead to a variety of clinical...

First Step in the Morning Heel Pain What is it? Plantar Fasciitis (pronounced plan-tar fash-ee-eye-tis) is a common cause of heel and foot pain in adults. “Plantar” means the bottom of the foot; “fascia” is a type of connective tissue, and “itis” means “inflammation”. The classic symptoms of plantar fasciitis include heel pain that is usually most severe first thing in the morning. This condition is characterized by inflammation at the insertion point of the plantar fascia on the heel bone. Plantar fascia is a layer of tough fibrous tissue that runs...

INTRODUCTION Posture has probably been one of the longest studied aspects of Humans. The correlation of posture and health has driven us to study our posture since at least the time of Hippocrates.1 Since Hippocrates’ time, many have attempted to categorize man into constitutional posture types.1-3 Even in present times, the criteria for normal and abnormal posture continue to be ill defined without clearly defined and agreed upon categories and measures. Before any possible consequences of abnormal posture can be addressed, normal posture must be defined and precise measurement methods developed...

Figure 1. Shown in A, is the human spinal column from the side showing you perspective for where the thoracic-ribcage region of the spine is located. In B, the normal curvature in the thoracic region is shown and is called the normal thoracic kyphosis. The red line is the ideal normal curve and the black dashed line is a subject’s curve showing near normal alignment. In C, an abnormal increased thoracic curvature is shown termed thoracic hyper-kyphosis. In D, a skeletal model is shown where a thoracic hyper-kyphosis is depicted. Abnormal thoracic curves can stretch and irritate the rib and...